Jean was shot just outside of the capital of Port-au-Prince just after 11 p.m. local time on Saturday. There was no word on the circumstances surrounding the incident.
Jean, a native of Haiti who rocketed to fame as a member of the hip-hop trio The Fugees, is in his home country to support fellow musician and friend Michel "Sweet Micky" Martelly, one of two presidential candidates in a run-off vote taking place Sunday.
Jean had wanted to run but was disqualified by Haiti's electoral council because he didn't meet a residency requirement.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.