The women - Cynthia Raygoza, 37, of Riverside; Sandra Carmona Samane, 25, of Panaroma City; and Ashleigh Brown, 38, of Aurora, Colorado - are charged with one count of conspiracy and one count of publicly disclosing the personal information of a federal agent.
An indictment alleges the women followed the ICE agent from downtown Los Angeles to his personal residence in late August.
"The defendants livestreamed on their Instagram accounts their pursuit of the victim and provided directions as they followed the victim home, encouraging their viewers to share the livestream," the DOJ said in a news release.
After arriving at the agent's home, prosecutors allege the women shouted to bystanders while livestreaming that their "neighbor is ICE," "la migra lives here" and "ICE lives on your street and you should know."
The women are also accused of publicly disclosing the address on Instagram and telling viewers to "Come on down."
Brown is charged in a separate case with assault on a federal officer, authorities said. Law enforcement is currently searching for Raygoza.
If convicted, the women could face a maximum of five years in federal prison for each count.
"Our brave federal agents put their lives on the line every day to keep our nation safe," Acting U.S. Attorney Bill Essayli said in a statement. "The conduct of these defendants are deeply offensive to law enforcement officers and their families. If you threaten, dox or harm in any manner one of our agents or employees, you will face prosecution and prison time."
City News Service contributed to this report.