There were no immediate reports of damage or injuries from the temblor, which hit at 2:17 a.m. local time (1817 GMT Friday).
The USGS said the quake hit some 84 kilometers (52 miles) northeast of Butuan on Mindanao, and 832 kilometers (517 miles) southeast of Manila, the capital.
The quake was some 63 kilometers (39 miles) below the surface, the USGS said.